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Policy, Progress, and People: India’s Inspiring Climb to the Top 100 in the Global SDG Index

In 2024, India was ranked 109th, in 2023 at 112th, and in 2022, it stood at 121st.

June 25, 2025 | Hemant Kumar

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India has achieved a historic milestone by entering the top 100 countries in the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) rankings for the first time. According to the latest Sustainable Development Report released by the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network, India ranks 99th out of 167 (or 193, as reported by some sources) countries in the 2025 SDG Index, with a score of 67. This marks a significant leap from previous years, reflecting steady progress and effective policy implementation.

Steady Climb in the SDG Index and Regional Context

India’s steady rise in the SDG rankings is evident when compared to previous years. In 2024, India was ranked 109th, in 2023 at 112th, and in 2022, it stood at 121st. Among its neighbours, India now stands ahead of Bangladesh (114th) and Pakistan (140th), though it trails behind Bhutan (74th), Nepal (85th), Maldives (53rd), and Sri Lanka (93rd)123. This regional context highlights both India’s progress and the competitive landscape of South Asia.

Key Drivers of Progress

India’s improved ranking is attributed to advancements in several critical sectors. Government initiatives such as the Swachh Bharat Mission (Clean India), Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (affordable housing), Jal Jeevan Mission (clean water), PM Ujjwala (clean cooking fuel), and Ayushman Bharat (healthcare) have played pivotal roles. Expansion in renewable energy, poverty reduction, digital infrastructure, and gender equality has also contributed to this upward trajectory.

Global Outlook and Challenges

Despite India’s gains, the global outlook for SDG achievement remains challenging. The report notes that only 17% of the 17 SDG targets set by UN member countries in 2015 are on track to be achieved by 2030. Issues such as obesity, biodiversity loss, press freedom, and corruption continue to hinder progress worldwide. The report also emphasises the need for continued investment in education, green technologies, and digital solutions, as well as the importance of peace and global cooperation to accelerate sustainable development.

Leadership and Recognition

India’s progress has drawn praise from both national leaders and international experts. NITI Aayog CEO B.V.R. Subrahmanyam described India’s SDG journey as “a story of hope and determination,” attributing the success to the collective efforts of millions of Indians. Professor Jeffrey Sachs, the report’s lead author, highlighted India’s achievement as especially impressive given its population size and diversity, setting an example for other developing nations.

Looking Ahead

While India’s entry into the top 100 is a cause for celebration, much work remains. Continued focus on biodiversity, media freedom, governance reforms, and addressing economic vulnerabilities will be crucial to sustain and accelerate progress. The report’s release comes just ahead of the 4th International Conference on Financing for Development in Seville, spotlighting the need for global financial reforms to fund SDG progress.